Protein Details: Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1
Protein ID
ICDB_Pro_0353
Protein Name
Potassium voltage-gated channel subfamily B member 1
Gene Name
Kcnb1
Organism
Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Length
857 amino acids
AlphaFoldDB
AF-P15387-F1-model_v4.pdb
Function
Voltage-gated potassium channel that mediates transmembrane potassium transport in excitable membranes; primarily in the brain; but also in the pancreas and cardiovascular system. Contributes to the regulation of the action potential (AP) repolarization; duration and frequency of repetitive AP firing in neurons; muscle cells and endocrine cells and plays a role in homeostatic attenuation of electrical excitability throughout the brain . Also plays a role in the regulation of exocytosis independently of its electrical function. Forms tetrameric potassium-selective channels through which potassium ions pass in accordance with their electrochemical gradient. The channel alternates between opened and closed conformations in response to the voltage difference across the membrane. Homotetrameric channels mediate a delayed-rectifier voltage-dependent outward potassium current that display rapid activation and slow inactivation in response to membrane depolarization . Can form functional homotetrameric and heterotetrameric channels that contain variable proportions of KCNB2; channel properties depend on the type of alpha subunits that are part of the channel. Can also form functional heterotetrameric channels with other alpha subunits that are non-conducting when expressed alone; such as KCNF1; KCNG1; KCNG3; KCNG4; KCNH1; KCNH2; KCNS1; KCNS2; KCNS3 and KCNV1; creating a functionally diverse range of channel complexes . Heterotetrameric channel activity formed with KCNS3 show increased current amplitude with the threshold for action potential activation shifted towards more negative values in hypoxic-treated pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Channel properties are also modulated by cytoplasmic ancillary beta subunits such as AMIGO1; KCNE1; KCNE2 and KCNE3; slowing activation and inactivation rate of the delayed rectifier potassium channels . In vivo; membranes probably contain a mixture of heteromeric potassium channel complexes; making it difficult to assign currents observed in intact tissues to any particular potassium channel family member. Major contributor to the slowly inactivating delayed-rectifier voltage-gated potassium current in neurons of the central nervous system; sympathetic ganglion neurons; neuroendocrine cells; pancreatic beta cells; cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle cells . Mediates the major part of the somatodendritic delayed-rectifier potassium current in hippocampal and cortical pyramidal neurons and sympathetic superior cervical ganglion (CGC) neurons that acts to slow down periods of firing; especially during high frequency stimulation . Plays a role in the induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) of neuron excitability in the CA3 layer of the hippocampus (By similarity). Contributes to the regulation of glucose-induced action potential amplitude and duration in pancreatic beta cells; hence limiting calcium influx and insulin secretion. Plays a role in the regulation of resting membrane potential and contraction in hypoxia-treated pulmonary artery smo
Sequence
Ligand Binding
Binding Site
Disease
Location
Expressed in brain (PubMed:12954870; PubMed:1740690; PubMed:1961744; PubMed:7623158; PubMed:8508921). Expressed in the hippocampus; cerebral cortex; cerebellum; thalamus; hypothalamus; olfactory bulb; corpus striatum and medial hebenula (PubMed:10414301; PubMed:16319318; PubMed:8463836). Expressed in pancreatic islets (PubMed:12403834). Expressed in heart and skeletal muscle (PubMed:10414301; PubMed:1740690; PubMed:19219384). Levels remain constant throughout postnatal development (PubMed:17192433). Expressed in neocortical pyramidal neurons and inhibitory interneurons (PubMed:10618149; PubMed:12832499; PubMed:17192433; PubMed:17379638; PubMed:19014551; PubMed:1961744; PubMed:20202934; PubMed:24477962; PubMed:9522360). Expressed in the superior cervical ganglion (SCG) neurons (PubMed:12451110). Expressed in globus pallidus neurons (PubMed:10414968). Expressed in pancreatic beta cells (PubMed:11463864; PubMed:22411134). Expressed in cardiomyocytes (PubMed:17965280). Expressed in arterial smooth muscle; alveolar epithelium and parenchyma (at protein level) (PubMed:15322114; PubMed:9362476; PubMed:9616203). Expressed in brain; heart; lung; liver; colon; kidney and adrenal gland (PubMed:19074135; PubMed:8508921; PubMed:9362476). Expressed in pyramidal cells of the cerebral cortex; in Purkinje and granule cells of the cerebellum (PubMed:8463836). Expressed in CA1-CA3 pyramidal cells; dentate granule cells and interneurons of the hippocampus (PubMed:10024359; PubMed:7623158). Expressed in pulmonary artery (PA) smooth muscle cells (PubMed:9362476).
DOI ID
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RefSeq
NP_037318.1